Hydrangea (/ha?'dre?nd?i?/;common names hydrangea or hortensia) is a genus of 70-75 species of flowering crops local to southern and eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, and Indonesia) and the Americas. Probably the greatest species diversity is at eastern Asia, china notably, Japan, and Korea. Most are shrubs 1 to 3 meters large, but some are small trees and shrubs, and others lianas attaining up to 30 m (98 foot) by climbing up trees. They could be either evergreen or deciduous, although generally cultivated temperate varieties are deciduous.Having been introduced to the Azores, H. macrophylla is now very common, on Faial particularly, which is known as the "blue island" due to the multitude of hydrangeas present on the island.Life cycleHydrangea blooms are created from early spring to late fall; they grow in flowerheads (corymbs or panicles) most often at the ends of the stems.
Usually the flowerheads contain two types of blossoms: small non-showy blooms in the center or interior of the flowerhead, and large, showy plants with large colorful sepals (tepals). These showy flowers are lengthened in a ring often, or to the exterior of the tiny flowers. Vegetation in outdoors populations routinely have few to none of the showy plants, while cultivated hydrangeas have been chosen and bred to have significantly more of the larger type bouquets.There are two flower arrangements in hydrangeas with Corymb style inflorescens, which include the commonly grown "bigleaf hydrangea"--Hydrangea macrophylla. Mophead blooms are large rounded flowerheads resembling pom-poms or, as the name implies, the brain of the mop. In contrast, lacecap flowers bear round, flat flowerheads with a center core of subdued, small flowers surrounded by outer bands of larger plants having showy tepals or sepals.
The bouquets of some rhododendrons and viburnums can seem, initially, just like those of some hydrangeas.Colors and soil acidityIn most species the plants are white, but in some varieties (notably H. macrophylla), can be blue, red, red, light purple, or dark crimson. In these types the colour is affected by the presence of lightweight aluminum ions which are available or tangled up depending after the ground pH. For H. h and macrophylla. serrata cultivars, the flower color can be dependant on the relative acidity of the soil: an acidic soil (pH below 7), will have available aluminum ions and produce flowers that are blue to purple typically, whereas an alkaline soil (pH above 7) will tie up aluminum ions and bring about pink or red flowers.
This is the effect of a color change of the rose pigments in the presence of aluminium ions which is often adopted into hyperaccumulating crops.[6] Decreasing the pH of potting soils or mixes usually will not change the rose color to blue, because these soils have no aluminum ions. The ability to blue or green a hydrangea is also influenced by the cultivar. Some plants are selected because of their ability to be blued, while others are bred and selected to be red, white or pink. The flower color of all other Hydrangea species is not afflicted by aluminum and can't be changed or shifted. Hydrangeas likewise have a nickname called 'Change Rose'.
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