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Hydrangea (/ha?'dre?nd?i?/;common titles hydrangea or hortensia) is a genus of 70-75 kinds of flowering plant life native to southern and eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, and Indonesia) and the Americas. Certainly the greatest species diversity is at eastern Asia, notably China, Japan, and Korea. The majority are shrubs 1 to 3 meters high, however, many are small trees and shrubs, and others lianas achieving up to 30 m (98 foot) by climbing up trees. They can be either evergreen or deciduous, though the cultivated temperate types are all deciduous greatly.Having been introduced to the Azores, H. macrophylla is currently very common, particularly on Faial, which is recognized as the "blue island" due to the multitude of hydrangeas present on the island.Life cycleHydrangea blooms are created from early spring to late autumn; they develop in flowerheads (corymbs or panicles) most often at the ends of the stems.
Usually the flowerheads contain two types of plants: small non-showy plants in the center or interior of the flowerhead, and large, showy plants with large colourful sepals (tepals). These showy flowers tend to be long in a ring, or to the exterior of the tiny flowers. Vegetation in untamed populations have few to none of them of the showy blooms typically, while cultivated hydrangeas have been preferred and bred to have more of the bigger type bouquets.There are two flower arrangements in hydrangeas with Corymb style inflorescens, which include the commonly grown "bigleaf hydrangea"--Hydrangea macrophylla. Mophead blossoms are large round flowerheads resembling pom-poms or, as the name indicates, the relative brain of any mop. On the other hand, lacecap flowers bear round, flat flowerheads with a center core of subdued, small flowers surrounded by outer rings of larger flowers having showy sepals or tepals.
The blossoms of some viburnums and rhododendrons can look, at first glance, a lot like those of some hydrangeas.Colors and ground acidityIn most species the bouquets are white, however in some types (notably H. macrophylla), can be blue, red, red, light crimson, or dark purple. In these types the color is influenced by the existence of aluminum ions which are available or tied up depending upon the soil pH. For H. h and macrophylla. serrata cultivars, the flower color can be determined by the relative acidity of the soil: an acidic soil (pH below 7), will have available aluminum ions and typically produce flowers that are blue to purple, whereas an alkaline soil (pH above 7) will tie up aluminum ions and result in pink or red flowers.
This is caused by a color change of the blossom pigments in the occurrence of aluminium ions which can be adopted into hyperaccumulating plants.[6] Lowering the pH of potting soils or mixes usually does not change the rose color to blue, because these soils have no aluminum ions. The ability to blue or green a hydrangea is also affected by the cultivar. Some plants are selected for his or her ability to be blued, while others are bred and selected to be red, pink or white. The flower color of most other Hydrangea species is not affected by aluminum and cannot be changed or shifted. Hydrangeas also have a nickname called 'Change Rose'.
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