Hydrangea (/ha?'dre?nd?i?/;common labels hydrangea or hortensia) is a genus of 70-75 types of flowering vegetation indigenous to southern and eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, and Indonesia) and the Americas. Undoubtedly the greatest varieties diversity is eastern Asia, china notably, Japan, and Korea. The majority are shrubs 1 to 3 meters high, but some are small trees and shrubs, as well as others lianas attaining up to 30 m (98 foot) by climbing up trees and shrubs. They could be either evergreen or deciduous, although broadly cultivated temperate types are deciduous.Having been introduced to the Azores, H. macrophylla is currently very common, on Faial particularly, which is known as the "blue island" due to the vast number of hydrangeas present on the island.Life cycleHydrangea flowers are produced from early spring to late fall months; they develop in flowerheads (corymbs or panicles) frequently at the ends of the stems.
Typically the flowerheads contain two types of flowers: small non-showy blooms in the center or interior of the flowerhead, and large, showy flowers with large multi-colored sepals (tepals). These showy blooms are lengthened in a diamond ring often, or to the surface of the small flowers. Vegetation in outrageous populations have few to none of the showy blooms typically, while cultivated hydrangeas have been bred and determined to have significantly more of the larger type bouquets.There are two flower arrangements in hydrangeas with Corymb style inflorescens, which includes the commonly grown "bigleaf hydrangea"--Hydrangea macrophylla. Mophead flowers are large spherical flowerheads resembling pom-poms or, as the name means, the brain of the mop. On the other hand, lacecap flowers bear round, flat flowerheads with a center core of subdued, small flowers surrounded by outer rings of larger flowers having showy sepals or tepals.
The bouquets of some rhododendrons and viburnums can show up, at first glance, a lot like those of some hydrangeas.Colors and earth acidityIn most species the plants are white, but in some species (notably H. macrophylla), can be blue, red, pink, light purple, or dark crimson. In these types the color is afflicted by the existence of aluminium ions which are available or tangled up depending upon the soil pH. For H. macrophylla and H. serrata cultivars, the flower color can be determined by the relative acidity of the soil: an acidic soil (pH below 7), will have available aluminum ions and typically produce flowers that are blue to purple, whereas an alkaline soil (pH above 7) will tie up aluminum ions and lead to pink or red flowers.
This is caused by a color change of the bloom pigments in the presence of aluminium ions which can be adopted into hyperaccumulating plants.[6] Cutting down the pH of potting soils or mixes usually will not change the flower color to blue, because these soils have no aluminum ions. The capability to blue or green a hydrangea is influenced by the cultivar also. Some plants are selected for their ability to be blued, while others are bred and selected to be red, pink or white. The flower color of most other Hydrangea species is not affected by aluminum and cannot be changed or shifted. Hydrangeas likewise have a nickname called 'Change Rose'.
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